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 หัวเรื่อง:ไม่มีชื่อไทย (ชื่ออังกฤษ : The Comparison of Implementation of Rural
Development by Agricultural Extension System at
Grassroots Level between Thailand and China) ผู้เขียน: Ming Zhan,  ดร.พัฒนา สุขประเสริฐ, รองศาสตราจารย์ , Mulliga Khewan, Ubolwan Arayaphong, Sawat Virawongprom, Chainanarong Tongpuy สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์:pdf AbstractThis study focused on the comparison of implementation of agricultural extension to rural development
between Thailand and China. Thailand is distinguished from China in terms of approaches to implementation
of agricultural extension. The noticeable distinction lies in that alternatives chosen by Thailand are public,
participatory approach and need oriented way, while those chosen by China are mixed public and private,
top-down, technology driven way. However, the conventional extension methods such as demonstration, mass
media are still the major choice both in Thailand and China. Agricultural Technology Transfer and Service
Center (ATTC), as the fundamental operational extension institution at grassroots level in Thailand, firstly
makes developing plans, and then conducts the extension activities by steering committee under the help
of facilitators in participatory way. ATTC conducts various well-planned training activities through learning
by systematic observations, training by successful farmer and specialists by demonstration, mass media, and
live project, but most important learning process is highly emphasized to build up the farmer's capacity
of self-reliance. Meanwhile Township Agricultural Techniques Extension Station (TATES) is the fundamental,
operational extension agency at grassroots level in China, which implements extension programmes under
the top-down direction. It is noticeable that it is flexible, diversified extension approaches co-exist in China,
such as "Technical contracts between extension agents and farmer households", "Technique and agricultural
input combination approach", "Extension by Technical Association in the village", "the company-led
extension", other than the conventional approach. Those approaches are really practical to accommodate the |
หัวเรื่อง:ไม่มีชื่อไทย (ชื่ออังกฤษ : The Comparison of Organizational Structure and the
Context of Rural Development by Agricultural Extension
System at Grassroots Level between Thailand and China) ผู้เขียน:ดร.พัฒนา สุขประเสริฐ, รองศาสตราจารย์, Ming Zhan, Anan Lila, Navarat Narapiromsuk, Boonrat Sookmark สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์:pdf AbstractThis study focused on comparison of rural development by agricultural extension system at grassroots
level and their contexts between Thailand and China. Difference in contexts such as ecology, society, economy
and policy has made Thailand and China differentiate in setting up of agricultural extension system at the
grassroots level. Agricultural Technology Transfer and Service Center (ATTC) at sub-district level, the lowest
level of extension institution in Thailand, was established in 1999 to fulfill the policies of decentralization,
participation, bottom-up to top-down direction, and provide the integrated service to farmers through "onestop
service". The core structure of ATTC is the steering committee, who is elected from local farmers and
other sectors that represent the community to make developing plans in a participatory way under the help
of facilitators from governmental institutions and volunteer groups. ATTC is the center not only for technology
transfer, but also for integrated service, coordination and information. To the large extent, ATTC represents
the broader socio-economic, people-centered agricultural extension. Meanwhile China has Township
Agricultural Techniques Extension Station (TATES) at the grassroots level of extension institution. TATES,
compared with ATTC in Thailand, is a conventional extension agency that adopts technical-driven
development methodology. Organizational structure of TATES was set up by the classification of different
agricultural sectors, like field crop, fishery, animal husbandry, agricultural machinery and agricultural
economy, which are called "five stations". In addition most of the TATES have the input sales branches.
The extension agencies in TATES are mainly the same responsible for transfer technology through direction
to and cooperation with the demonstration farmer households as in ATTC. It is noticeable that China has
advocated multi-faced extension approaches, so should the extension agencies, education, research institutions,
and private sectors can jointly play roles on the arena of rural development by non-profitable or profitable
manners. |